Sarkar Masana'antar Caji - Kera Kayan Aiki na Caji & CPO

Masana'antar kera tarin caji tana da matuƙar gasa, kuma takaddun shaida na ƙasashen waje suna da tsauri.

• A ɓangaren tsakiya, galibi an raba 'yan wasa zuwa rukuni biyu:kayan aiki na caji tarida kuma gini. A ɓangaren kayan aiki, wannan ya haɗa da masana'antunKayan aikin caji na DC, Kayan aikin caji na AC, da kayan aiki kamar kayan caji mara waya, kayan musanya batir, da kuma caja a cikin jirgi. A ɓangaren ginin, galibi ya ƙunshi ayyukan tashar caji ta EPC.ev caja tari masana'antuMasana'antar tana da gasa sosai, inda a halin yanzu akwai masu samar da kayayyaki sama da 300 da ke aiki a China.

• Ana fitar da tarin caji zuwa Turai da Amurka galibi ana buƙatarTakardar shaidar CE, koUL, Hukumar Kula da Harkokin Ciniki ta Tarayya (FCC), koETLtakardar shaida. Tarayyar Turai tana buƙatar takardar shaidar CE, wadda ke da ɗan gajeren lokacin sarrafawa; Amurka tana buƙatar takardar shaidar UL, wadda ke da tsawon lokacin sarrafawa.

1. Tarin caji na abin hawa na lantarkiDole ne a yi wa ƙasashen EU takardar shaidar CE a ƙarƙashin umarnin LVD + EMC. Wannan wajibi ne a ƙarƙashin dokar EU. Takardar shaidar CE tana tantance amincin samfura, galibi ta haɗa da amincin lantarki da na inji. Gwajin CE na umarnin LVD don tulun caji ya haɗa da rufin LVD, babban ƙarfin lantarki na LVD, ragowar wutar lantarki na LVD, da kuma grounding na LVD. Umarnin EMC yana buƙatar gwaji bisa ga ƙa'idodin aminci masu dacewa, yana nuna cewa kayan aikin sun bi umarnin EMC na Sanarwar Yarjejeniyar EU na 2014/30/EU, kuma suna nuna cewa kayan aikin sun wuce gwajin aminci na EU ta hanyar lissafa waɗannan ƙa'idodi da lambobin rahoto a cikin takaddun.
2. Tarin caji na motar lantarki Ana fitar da su zuwa Amurka yawanci suna buƙatar takardar shaidar UL, FCC, ko ETL. Takardar shaidar UL ta takaitacciya ce ga takardar shaidar Underwriters Laboratories, ƙungiya mafi iko kuma mafi girma a duniya da ke aiki a gwajin aminci da takardar shaida. Takardar shaidar UL ba dole ba ce kuma galibi tana gwadawa da tabbatar da aikin amincin samfura; iyakokinta ba su haɗa da halayen EMC (daidaito na lantarki ba). Takardar shaidar FCC ta zama dole ta takardar shaidar EMC a Amurka; kayayyakin lantarki da na lantarki da ake sayarwa a Amurka suna buƙatar takardar shaidar FCC. Takardar shaidar ETL alama ce ta takardar shaidar aminci da ake buƙata don fitarwa zuwa Amurka da Kanada, wanda ke nuna cewa samfurin ya wuce gwajin amincewa ta NRTL ta Amurka da/ko SCC ta Kanada, kuma yana da daidaito daidai da alamun UL ko CSA.

Abubuwan da ke cikin Gwajin Takaddun Shaida na CE donTashoshin Cajin Motoci Masu Lantarki

Gabatarwa ga AmurkaTashar Cajin EVAlamar Takaddun Shaida

Haɗuwar samfura da yawa, manyan shinge don shiga

• Dangane da hanyoyin saka hannun jari da gudanarwa, tsarin kasuwanci naev caja tarinAna iya rarraba masu gudanar da hanyar sadarwa zuwa nau'i uku: jagorancin mai aiki, jagorancin mai kera motoci/haɗin gwiwa, da kuma jagorancin dandamali na sabis na caji na ɓangare na uku. Tsarin jagorancin mai aiki, wanda CPOs daban-daban (Masu Kwantiragi) ke wakilta, yana mai da hankali kan sarrafa kadarorinsa da samar da kayan aiki da software.mafita na caji na evAna iya ƙara raba masu aiki ta hanyar kamfani da mai ba da sabis, gami da kamfanonin gwamnati/ma'aikatar wutar lantarki, kamfanonin makamashin mai, haɗin gwiwar ababen hawa, da masu sarrafa software. Tsarin da kamfanin kera motoci/haɗin gwiwa ke jagoranta, wanda Tesla ya wakilta, yana samar daayyukan cajiga masu motocinta. Tsarin dandamalin sabis na caji na ɓangare na uku, wanda kamfanoni kamar Chargepoint ke wakilta, yana haɗa masu amfani da masu sarrafa caji bisa kadarori ta hanyar hanyoyin sadarwar caji na ɓangare na uku.

• A ƙarƙashin tsarin da mai aiki ke jagoranta, mai aiki yana kammala saka hannun jari, gini, aiki, da kuma kula da shiTashoshin caji na EV, kuma yana ba da sabis na caji ga masu amfani. Wannan samfurin yana haɗa albarkatu na sama da na ƙasa sosai a cikin sarkar masana'antu, tare da haɗin gwiwa a cikin R&D da kera kayan aiki na fasahar caji. Yana buƙatar babban saka hannun jari a gaba a cikin ababen more rayuwa kamar shafuka dacibiyar caji ta ev, wanda hakan ke mai da shi aiki mai matuƙar amfani ga jari wanda ke buƙatar ƙarfin albarkatun kuɗi da kuma cikakkiyar damar aiki. Riba ta dogara ne akan yawan amfani da mutum ɗayatashoshin caji na EVda kuma kuɗin sabis na caji.

• An raba samfuran aiki da masu kera motoci ke jagoranta zuwatashoshin caji da aka gina da kansuda kuma gina tashar caji ta haɗin gwiwa. Ribar da samfurin da aka gina da kansa ya samu ne kawai daga bambancin farashin wutar lantarki da kuɗin sabis, kuma tushen abokan cinikinsa ya takaita ga abokan cinikin da ke cikin kamfanin kera motoci. Amfani da tashar caji yana da ƙasa, wanda hakan ke sa ya zama da wahala a samar da riba. Wannan samfurin ya fi dacewa da masu kera motoci waɗanda ke da babban tushen abokan ciniki da kuma kasuwancin da ke da ƙarfi. A cikin tsarin ginin tashar caji ta haɗin gwiwa, masu kera motoci suna haɗin gwiwa damasu aiki da cajigina tashoshi, tare da kamfanin kera motoci da ke samar wa abokan ciniki da kuma mai cajin caji kayan aiki da fasaha, wanda hakan zai samar da yanayi mai kyau ga kowa.

• A ƙarƙashin tsarin dandamalin sabis na caji na ɓangare na uku, dandamalin sabis gabaɗaya ba ya shiga cikin saka hannun jari da gina tashoshin caji kai tsaye. Madadin haka, yana amfani da ƙarfin haɗin gwiwar albarkatu don haɗa tashoshin caji daga masu sarrafa caji daban-daban zuwa dandamalinsa. Ta amfani da fasahar haɗa manyan bayanai da albarkatu da rarrabawa, yana haɗa tashoshin caji daga masu aiki daban-daban, yana inganta yawan amfani da tashoshin caji na mutum ɗaya. Ta hanyar ƙirƙirar sabis na "kan layi + offline", yana ba masu amfani da C-end ayyukan caji na tsayawa ɗaya ciki har da caji, sabis na bayan-tallace-tallace, da ayyukan salon rayuwa, yana inganta ƙwarewar caji na mai amfani. A lokaci guda, masu samar da sabis na caji na ɓangare na uku suna ba masu aiki na B-end ayyukan aiki na kan layi da ayyukan kulawa na kan layi, suna haɓaka ingancin sabis na caji da inganci. Tsarin riba galibi yana fitowa ne daga kuɗin sabis ɗin da masu aiki da caji ke rabawa da wasu kuɗin sabis na ƙara ƙima.

Abubuwan da ke Faruwa a Nan Gaba - Kirkire-kirkire da Haɓaka Tsarin Aiki

• Ana maye gurbin tarin caji na nau'in raba-raba a hankalitashoshin caji da aka haɗaDon irin wannan yanayin caji,Tashoshin caji na Motocin Lantarkizai iya amfani da kayayyaki cikin sauƙi, inganta amfani da wutar lantarki da lokacin juyawa, ƙara inganta amfani da tsarin.

• Tubalan caji masu sassauƙa sun dogara ne akan "haɗakar wutar lantarki + rarrabawar motsi" don magance matsalar wutar lantarki mai tsayayye ga tashoshin caji guda ɗaya, suna daidaitawa da buƙatun caji daban-daban.

• Tsarin ajiyar makamashi, ajiyar makamashi, da kuma tsarin caji mai haɗaka na iya rage tasirin da ke tattare da hasken rana (photovoltaic), wanda ke iya rage tasirin hasken rana (energy absence),babban tarin cajiamfani da wutar lantarki a kan hanyoyin wutar lantarki na gida. Nan gaba, za su nuna yanayin da ake ciki na haɗakar hadaddun ayyuka da yawa waɗanda suka haɗa da "ƙananan tashoshin caji + tashoshin cibiyar bayanai + tashoshin rarraba bayanai + tashoshin rarrabawa na DC + tashoshin ajiyar makamashi + tashoshin sake mai + cika iskar gas + musanya batir." "Gwajin ajiyar makamashi na photovoltaic-energy" sabon nau'i ne nasabuwar sabis na caji na motocin makamashikayan aiki wanda ke haɗa na'urorin ɗaukar hoto, ajiyar makamashi, caji mai sauri, da gwajin batir. A lokacin caji, masu amfani za su iya cimma ayyuka kamar gwajin batir, gane farantin lasisi, caji mai kusurwa biyu/Fitar da caji (V2G), da kuma aikin tashar caji mai tsibiri. Bugu da ƙari, tsarin adana makamashi na iya amfani da farashin wutar lantarki na lokacin da ba a kai kololuwa ba da daddare don adana makamashi, kuma a lokacin lokacin caji mai tsanani, suna iya samar da wutar lantarki ga tashoshin caji tare da wutar lantarki don biyan buƙatun kololuwa, cimma aski mai kololuwa da cike kwarin. Ko da a lokacin katsewar grid, tsarin adana makamashi har yanzu yana iya samar da ayyukan caji ga masu amfani. Wannan zai iya inganta ribar masu aiki da caji ta hanyar samfuran riba guda uku: amfani da wutar lantarki da aka samar da kanta da haɗin grid na wutar lantarki mai yawa don rage farashin wutar lantarki; sasanta farashi mai kololuwa; da kuma kula da kuɗin wutar lantarki bisa ga ƙarfin aiki.

• Manyan motocin lantarki masu amfani da wutar lantarki a ƙarƙashin V2G na iya samar da wutar lantarki daga MW zuwa GW, tare da lokacin fitarwa na awa-awa da saurin amsawa na mataki na biyu, tare da haɗa fa'idodin ajiyar makamashi na nau'in makamashi da na nau'in makamashi, kuma suna da fa'idodi masu yawa na amfani.

Fa'idodi da ƙalubalen tashoshin wutar lantarki masu haɗakarwa, ajiyar makamashi da caji

—ƘARSHE—