Maganinmu na tsarin samar da wutar lantarki mai amfani da wutar lantarki, ajiyar makamashi, da kuma caji yana ƙoƙarin magance damuwar motocin lantarki ta hanyar haɗa su cikin hikima.ev tara caji, fasahar adana makamashin lantarki, da fasahar adana makamashin batir. Yana haɓaka tafiye-tafiyen kore ga motocin lantarki ta hanyar sabon makamashin lantarki, yayin da yake tallafawa ajiyar makamashi yana rage matsin lamba na grid da manyan kaya ke haifarwa. Yana kammala sarkar masana'antar batir ta hanyar amfani da matakai, yana tabbatar da ci gaban masana'antar lafiya. Gina wannan tsarin makamashi mai haɗaka yana haɓaka wutar lantarki da haɓaka fasaha na masana'antar, yana ba da damar canza makamashi mai tsabta, kamar makamashin rana, zuwa makamashin lantarki ta hanyar amfani da hasken rana da adana shi a cikin batura. Sannan tarin caji na ababen hawa na lantarki yana canja wannan makamashin lantarki daga batura zuwa motocin lantarki, yana magance matsalar caji.
I. Tsarin Tsarin Microgrid na Cajin Photovoltaic-Ajiya-Cajin
Kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin zane a sama, an bayyana manyan kayan aikin tsarin photovoltaic, ajiyar makamashi, da caji microgrid a ƙasa:
1. Mai sauya wutar lantarki daga wutar lantarki: An haɗa gefen AC na mai sauya wutar lantarki 250kW a layi ɗaya da bas ɗin AC 380V, kuma an haɗa gefen DC a layi ɗaya da masu sauya wutar lantarki DC/DC guda huɗu masu juyawa 50kW a layi ɗaya, wanda ke ba da damar kwararar makamashi ta hanyoyi biyu, wato, caji da fitar da wutar lantarki.
2. Masu canza DC/DC masu juyawa biyu: Bangaren wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi na masu canza DC/DC guda huɗu masu ƙarfin 50kW an haɗa shi da tashar DC ta mai canza wutar lantarki, kuma gefen ƙaramin wutar lantarki an haɗa shi da fakitin batirin wutar lantarki. Kowane mai canza DC/DC an haɗa shi da fakitin baturi ɗaya.
3. Tsarin batirin mai ƙarfi: Kwayoyin batir 16 masu ƙarfin 3.6V/100Ah (1P16S) sun ƙunshi na'urar batir guda ɗaya (57.6V/100Ah, ƙarfin batir 5.76KWh). An haɗa na'urorin batir guda goma sha biyu a jere don samar da na'urar batir (691.2V/100Ah, ƙarfin batir 69.12KWh). An haɗa na'urar batir zuwa tashar wutar lantarki mai ƙarancin wutar lantarki ta na'urar canza DC/DC mai juyawa biyu. Tsarin batir ya ƙunshi na'urorin batir guda huɗu waɗanda ƙarfin batir na 276.48 kWh.
4. MPPT Module: Bangaren babban ƙarfin lantarki na tsarin MPPT an haɗa shi a layi ɗaya da bas ɗin DC na 750V, yayin da gefen ƙaramin ƙarfin lantarki an haɗa shi da tsarin photovoltaic. Tsarin photovoltaic ya ƙunshi igiyoyi shida, kowannensu yana ɗauke da kayayyaki 18 275Wp da aka haɗa a jere, don jimillar kayayyaki 108 na photovoltaic da jimlar ƙarfin fitarwa na 29.7 kWp.
5. Tashoshin Caji: Tsarin ya haɗa da ƙarfin lantarki guda uku 60kWTashoshin caji na DC EV(ana iya daidaita adadin da ƙarfin tashoshin caji bisa ga zirga-zirgar ababen hawa da buƙatun makamashi na yau da kullun). Gefen AC na tashoshin caji yana da alaƙa da bas ɗin AC kuma ana iya amfani da wutar lantarki ta hanyar amfani da na'urorin ɗaukar hoto, ajiyar makamashi, da kuma grid.
6. EMS & MGCC: Waɗannan tsarin suna yin ayyuka kamar caji da kuma sarrafa tsarin adana makamashi da kuma sa ido kan bayanan SOC na batir bisa ga umarnin daga cibiyar aika saƙo mai girma.
II. Halayen Tsarin Makamashin Cajin Wutar Lantarki Mai Haɗaka na Photovoltaic-Ajiya
1. Tsarin ya rungumi tsarin sarrafa matakai uku: saman shine tsarin sarrafa makamashi, tsakiyar shine tsarin sarrafawa na tsakiya, kuma ƙasa shine matakin kayan aiki. Tsarin ya haɗa na'urorin canza adadi, na'urorin sa ido kan kaya da kariya masu alaƙa, wanda hakan ya sa ya zama tsarin mai zaman kansa wanda zai iya sarrafa kansa, kariya, da kuma sarrafawa.
2. Tsarin aika makamashi na tsarin adana makamashi yana daidaitawa/sassautawa cikin sassauci dangane da farashin wutar lantarki mai tsayi, kwaruruka, da kuma matsakaicin matsakaicin farashin wutar lantarki na grid ɗin wutar lantarki da kuma SOC (ko ƙarfin lantarki na ƙarshe) na batirin adana makamashi. Tsarin yana karɓar aikawa daga tsarin sarrafa makamashi (EMS) don sarrafa caji da fitarwa mai wayo.
3. Tsarin yana da cikakkun ayyuka na sadarwa, sa ido, gudanarwa, sarrafawa, gargaɗi da wuri, da kariya, yana tabbatar da ci gaba da aiki lafiya a cikin dogon lokaci. Ana iya sa ido kan yanayin aikin tsarin ta hanyar kwamfuta mai masaukin baki, kuma yana da wadataccen damar nazarin bayanai.
4. Tsarin sarrafa batir (BMS) yana sadarwa da tsarin sarrafa makamashi (EMS), yana loda bayanai game da fakitin batir, kuma tare da haɗin gwiwar EMS da PCS, yana cimma ayyukan sa ido da kariya ga fakitin batir.
Aikin yana amfani da na'urar sarrafa ajiyar makamashi ta PCS mai nau'in hasumiya, wadda ke haɗa na'urorin sauyawa na kan-grid da na waje da kabad ɗin rarrabawa. Yana da aikin sauyawa tsakanin kan-grid da na waje cikin daƙiƙa sifili, yana tallafawa yanayi biyu na caji: kan-grid mai dorewa da kuma ikon da ke dindindin, kuma yana karɓar jadawalin lokaci-lokaci daga kwamfutar mai masaukin baki.
III. Sarrafa da Gudanar da Tsarin Ajiya da Caji na Photovoltaic
Tsarin kula da tsarin yana amfani da tsarin matakai uku: EMS shine babban matakin tsara jadawalin aiki, mai kula da tsarin shine matsakaicin matakin daidaitawa, kuma DC-DC da tarin caji sune matakin kayan aiki.
EMS da mai kula da tsarin sune manyan abubuwan da ke aiki tare don sarrafawa da tsara tsarin caji na photovoltaic-storage-caja:
1. Ayyukan EMS
1) Ana iya daidaita dabarun sarrafa aika makamashi cikin sassauƙa kuma ana iya saita yanayin caji da fitarwa da umarnin wutar lantarki bisa ga farashin wutar lantarki na kololuwar kwarin-fadi na yankin.
2) EMS tana yin sa ido kan amincin siginar nesa da kuma sa ido kan manyan kayan aiki a cikin tsarin, gami da amma ba'a iyakance ga PCS, BMS, inverters na photovoltaic, da tarin caji ba, kuma tana sarrafa abubuwan da suka faru na faɗakarwa da kayan aiki da adana bayanai na tarihi suka ruwaito ta hanyar haɗin kai.
3) EMS na iya loda bayanan hasashen tsarin da sakamakon nazarin lissafi zuwa cibiyar aikawa ta matakin sama ko sabar sadarwa ta nesa ta hanyar sadarwa ta Ethernet ko 4G, kuma su karɓi umarnin aikawa a ainihin lokacin, suna amsawa ga ƙa'idar mitar AGC, aski mai tsayi, da sauran aikawa don biyan buƙatun tsarin wutar lantarki.
4) EMS ta cimma nasarar daidaita hanyoyin sadarwa tare da tsarin sa ido kan muhalli da kuma kare gobara: ta tabbatar da cewa an rufe dukkan kayan aiki kafin gobara ta faru, tana fitar da ƙararrawa da ƙararrawa masu ji da gani, da kuma loda abubuwan da ke faruwa na ƙararrawa zuwa ga bayan.
2. Ayyukan Mai Kula da Tsarin:
1) Mai kula da daidaita tsarin yana karɓar dabarun tsara lokaci daga EMS: yanayin caji/fitarwa da umarnin tsara lokaci na wutar lantarki. Dangane da ƙarfin SOC na batirin ajiyar makamashi, yanayin cajin/fitarwa na baturi, samar da wutar lantarki ta photovoltaic, da amfani da tarin caji, yana daidaita sarrafa bas cikin sauƙi. Ta hanyar sarrafa caji da fitar da na'urar canza wutar lantarki ta DC-DC, yana cimma ikon sarrafa caji/fitarwa na batirin ajiyar makamashi, yana ƙara yawan amfani da tsarin adana makamashi.
2) Haɗa yanayin caji/fitarwa na DC-DC da kumatara caji na motar lantarkiyanayin caji, yana buƙatar daidaita iyakancewar wutar lantarki na inverter na photovoltaic da samar da wutar lantarki na module PV. Hakanan yana buƙatar daidaita yanayin aiki na module PV da kuma sarrafa bas ɗin tsarin.
3. Tsarin Kayan Aiki - Ayyukan DC-DC:
1) Mai kunna wutar lantarki, wanda ke tabbatar da canjin juna tsakanin makamashin rana da ajiyar makamashin lantarki.
2) Mai canza DC-DC yana samun matsayin BMS kuma, tare da umarnin tsara jadawalin mai sarrafa tsarin, yana gudanar da sarrafa DC cluster don tabbatar da daidaiton baturi.
3) Zai iya cimma nasarar sarrafa kansa, iko, da kariya bisa ga manufofin da aka riga aka tsara.
—ƘARSHE—
Lokacin Saƙo: Nuwamba-28-2025
